Review on Nanoparticle Synthesis by Chemical and Biogical Method
Keywords:
Nanoparticles, Green synthesis, Chemical synthesis, biological synthesis, silver nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, Drug delivery, antimicrobial activity, Nanotechnology, Characterization techniquesAbstract
The nanoparticles refer to the particles which range between the dimensions of 1-100nm with unique characteristics of physical, chemical and biological properties. Due to increased surface area and reactivity, there has been great importance of nanoparticles in the field of medicines, drugs delivery, diagnosis, anti-microbials, and tissue engineering. This study is aimed at discussing various methods used in making nanoparticles such as chemical, biological or physical. Chemical synthesis methods include chemical reduction, sol-gel process, coprecipitation, hydrothermal, micro-emulsion and other techniques. Biologically based techniques for nanoparticle synthesis are the green method based on plant, bacteria, fungus, yeast and algae, due to being cost- effective, environmental friendly, non-toxic when compared to traditional methods. Nanoparticles can be divided into several categories such as Silver, Gold, Copper, carbon based, organic, and inorganic nanoparticles and various uses and medicinal value associated with them. Different techniques like UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, XRD, DLS and FTIR can be used in evaluating the quality and efficiency of the nanoparticles.
