Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. As A Medicinal Plant for Management of Hypertension

Abstract

A significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, hypertension is a chronic cardiovascular disease marked by consistently high arterial blood pressure. Long-term blood pressure control is still subpar despite the availability of numerous effective antihypertensive medications because of side effects, expense, and low patient adherence. The investigation of medicinal plants as supplemental or alternative therapeutic options has been prompted by these constraints. In traditional medical systems, Hibiscus sabdariffa L., or roselle, is frequently used to treat cardiovascular conditions, especially hypertension. Anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, which have antioxidant, vasorelaxant, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory properties, are abundant in the plant's calyces. With a focus on its traditional use, phytochemical composition, mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical evidence, and safety profile, this review critically assesses Hibiscus sabdariffa L.'s function in managing hypertension. The significance of Hibiscus sabdariffa as a natural, affordable, and easily accessible medicinal agent is emphasized in this review. However, to confirm its effectiveness and guarantee its incorporation into contemporary pharmacotherapy for hypertension, more extensive clinical trials and formulation standardization are required.